Hardware Notes

Mesh Sensor

In Development

A solar-powered node for reading 4-20mA industrial sensors. Same enclosure design as DropLink, with an ADC circuit for analog sensor input.

This is not a product for sale. These are notes on a planned hardware design.

DFTZ

How It Works

1

Sensor Signal

4-20mA sensor outputs current proportional to measurement

2

ADC Conversion

Current-to-voltage circuit feeds microcontroller ADC

3

Mesh Transmit

Reading sent as telemetry packet over LoRa mesh

4

Dashboard

Gateway bridges to MQTT, values stored and displayed

Why 4-20mA?

4-20mA is an industrial standard for analog sensor signals. Current loops are noise-resistant and can run long cable lengths without signal degradation.

  • Noise Immunity

    Current signals resist electrical noise better than voltage

  • Long Cable Runs

    Can run hundreds of feet without signal loss

  • Fault Detection

    4mA = zero, so 0mA indicates broken wire or sensor fault

Signal Range

4mA
0% / Min
12mA
50% / Mid
20mA
100% / Max

Linear scale from 4mA (0%) to 20mA (100%)

Compatible Sensor Types

Any sensor with 4-20mA output should work. Common applications:

Water Level

Submersible pressure transducers

Temperature

RTD or thermocouple transmitters

Turbidity

Optical turbidity sensors

Pressure

Tank or pipe pressure sensors

Flow

Flow meters with 4-20mA output

pH

Water quality pH sensors

Planned Hardware

BaseSame as DropLink (RAK4631 or Heltec V3)
ADCADS1115 or similar 16-bit I2C ADC
Current SensePrecision resistor (250Ω for 1-5V output)
PowerSolar + 18650 (same as DropLink)
EnclosureWeatherproof ABS with cable glands

Design not finalized. Components may change.

Work in Progress

This design is still being developed. Check the dashboard for updates on deployed sensor nodes.